Within days, revolutionaries are in control of the military, ministries and media. It is thus understandable that the native products of Elamite artists in the 3rd millennium bcestatues, reliefs, and smaller objects, such as cylinder sealsfollowed the conventions current in Mesopotamia. The last phase was the Qajarid era, because after this more modern and traditional types of art became more popular. As the political situation deteriorates, the Shah and his family are forced into exile. The first was from 1979 till the end of the (Iran-Iraq) war. Afary, Janet. Iraq's stated reason for initiating the war was defensive: The government in . Quiz. The family structure in Iran mostly relied on family connections for influence, power, and security. b. eradicate What religions are represented in the population of Iran? "Iranian Revolution." They opposed Shahs rule and risked their lives doing it. Answer the questlons about the age of the following people. The streets continue to be dressed in political graffiti, the cinemas full of symbolic dissent and the music echoing the outcry of the masses. Art has been born through their struggles, and in this chapter there will be information on what caused and ended the Iranian Revolution of 1978-79 and how it affected artists work in Iran after the end of the revolution. Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran. This statement was originally published by article19.orgs Azad Tribune on 13 February 2015. It is left to the commercial galleries to contextualise the art produced, and it has nearly destroyed the concept of critical peer review in artistic practice.. figueroa street shooting; jeffrey friedman chiropractor; gifted child humming; how to adjust sim max driver 1501- With the support of Shia Qizilbash warrior tribes, Shah Ismail I becomes first ruler of Islamic Safavid dynasty; Shia Islam declared state religion. Rights groups report at least 20,000 people arrested and detained following Mahsa Aminis death, but fear the toll could be much higher. Mehran Mohajers Tehran Undated series (2009) is taken with a pinhole camera. Restrictions on free expression enforced by the Ministry of Islamic Culture and Guidance have also made life taxing for artists. A power struggle between the Shah and nationalist Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadeq ensues. But this system of communication has become very Iranian. Another art piece of Shirin Neshats that explains Iranian culture and how their society works is Fervor which was created in 2000. Read the fallowing passage and then answer the multiple-choice questions that follow. A monstrous birdman clutches a . lynette hawkins stephens bio; does it snow in gatlinburg, tennessee in december; Who participates and who observes?(Post). douluo dalu 5 rebirth tang san; ellen degeneres husband peter; volusia county obituaries 2021; shannon weaver model; charles allen son of eugene allen Art After the Iranian Revolution of 1978-1979, 8. Untitled Turbulent Series Diptych by ShirinNeshat. Untitled Turbulent Series Diptych by Shirin Neshat on Artnet. There are numerous phases of art in Iranian history.These phases include the Achaemenid reliefs and mosaic paintings. Nevertheless, it is clear that Iranian art maintained a distinctive identity from prehistoric times onward; thus, characteristics seen in designs on painted pottery of the 4th millennium bce can also be recognized, for instance, in the sculpture of the Achaemenian Persians. May 2016. At present, girls comprise 49% of the total student population in the country. Whereas education had formerly been in the hands of religious clerics, the Pahlavi shahs built . Islamic beliefs are somewhat similar to those of major world religions like Christianity and Judaism. los platos en el fregadero. To ensure you receive our newsletters, add [emailprotected] to your safe senders list. The Shah's pro-Axis allegiance in World War II leads to the Anglo-Russian occupation of Iran and the deposition of the Shah in favour of his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. 51% men and 41% women was the ratio, Father is the head of the family and parents make big choices for the children, What religions are represented in the population of Iran? Sports in Iran Questions: 1. He came to power in september 16th 1941. Kaveh Golestan. Wikipedia. The National Council for Iranian Architecture, founded in 1967, discouraged blind imitation of the West and promoted the use of more traditional Iranian styles that were modified to serve modern needs. Because of the wedding of the youngest sister, Pasandide, all of her sisters come to their old house to help their mother. He came to power after his father, Reza Shah Pahlavi, was forced to step down because of an Anglo-Soviet invasion. People believing in Islam have faith in the idea of Allah being the one true god, and muhammed being his messenger. The men's class was determined by their wealth and both boys and girls were allowed to go to school. Apart from the fact that it has been reconstructed with four receding stages and a summit temple, the structure of the ziggurat has little in common with that of Mesopotamian ziggurats. The majority of the people that participate in sports are men and. Who participates and who observes? The complex geopolitical history of ancient Assyria is typically divided by historians into three distinct phases: the Old Assyrian Empire, the Middle Assyrian period, and the Neo-Assyrian period. Muslim (98%) Out of the 98% the 89% identifies as Shi'a The other 11% is Sunni E. Thermophiles are the most widespread species of extremophiles. Who is Islam's main religious figure? Describe some major Iranian movies, including their plots and directors. Accessed April 15, 2019. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaveh_Golestan. Describe and give examples of the major phases of Iranian art? Iranian TV channels broadcast state-approved traditional music and documentaries to remind Iranians of the unity and durability of the country through 36 years of self-proclaimed resistance against intruding outside forces. Accessed April 15, 2019. http://www.clevelandart.org/art/2016.59. Under the secularising regime of the last shah, from 1941 to 1979, a loose group of artists called the Saqqakhaneh fused avant-garde theory with Iranian folk culture motifs, producing a strain of 1960s modernism rooted in popular culture. Irans ancient culture has a deep architectural tradition. Prime Minister Mossadeq is overthrown in a coup engineered by the British and US intelligence services. Numerous decorative articles in wood are produced for both the domestic and export markets in Efahn, Shrz, and Tehrn (inlay) and in Rasht, Ormiyyeh (formerly called Reiyyeh), and Sanandaj (carved and pierced wood). Another highlight is mixed-media art by veteran figure Ghasem Hajizadeh, whose body of work, begun before 1979, consists of vaguely disconcerting paintings produced after photographs. Corrections? What kinds of dishes are popular? Metmuseum.org. 20% percent of Iranians participate. Every year, on this day, Irans official news outlets report of street celebrations attended by millions waving flags and singing songs of 22 Bahman propaganda. More female students got education on careers. Exilic Iranian memoirs began to emerge after the 1979 Iranian Revolution and surged after September 11, 2001, claiming to provide an authentic depiction and explanation of the . The coronavirus pandemic has worsened economic conditions. The works selected are all implicitly political, Hodge emphasises. Esfandiari, Sahar. (22) Other extremophiles have been altered to produce antibiotics, and the way in which extremophiles vie for survival might someday show researchers a better way to fight diseases such as cancer. However, the public showed little interest, and this period of ideology-driven filmmaking did not last. major phases of iranian art post revolutioncan i give my dog orange flavored metamucil. How do Islamic beliefs compare to those of other major world religions? Wikipedia. Discuss what kind of art is popular during your time period (pre- or post-revolution). The two exceptions are the Golestn Palace Museum in Tehrn, which was opened in 1894, and the All Saviours Cathedral Museum of Jolf (Efahn), which was built by the Armenian community in 1905. What is certain is that post-revolution artists have become spokespeople for the countrys state of mind. After a long political freeze between Iran and the UK, a cultural entente is quietly under way in London with the launch of Recalling the Future: Post-revolutionary Iranian Art, at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS). Who is Islam's main religious figure? Contemporary Mexican American Art: Themes and Intentions, 21. He pledged to reduce censorship of artistic and cultural works. brad and josh richardson alone; how do the prospective payment systems impact operations? landscape,gardening,architecture,painting,pottery,and rug weaving. PO Box 61041 Eglinton/Dufferin RO Over the last seventeen years, the government has been forced to rescind every single law it passed regarding women's rights. Discuss what kind of art is popular during your time period (pre- or post-revolution). The simplified silhouettes, which once must have appeared as individual figures, are linked together in a repetitive frieze to form a band of enrichment or to articulate some plastic feature. One of these characteristicsmanifest in bronze casting and stone carving as well as in painted ornamentis the predominance of decoration over representation. Socio-political repression from the Shahs control was increasing, and no protests were accepted and political abilities of the public were taken away, and those who still performed political protest were censored, heavily surveilled, and even tortured. 3. They believe that Muhammad is the last and greatest prophet. (20) Extremophiles are as useful as they are amazing. Because of this particularly bloody revolution, artists who had been exiled or chose to leave the country would return and learn that home was no longer a place, and more so a feeling. While the Khahtami era (elected 1997) led to the encouragement of cultural and economic liberalisation, the Ahmadinejad rule continued to echo Khomeinis orthodox views. The violence caused more protests, and more deaths brought on by the government regime. THE PHOTOGRAPHY OF. The Photography of Kaveh Golestan. This addition to Intellect's Directory of World Cinema series turns the spotlight on the award-winning cinema of that nation, with particular attention to the major movements, historical turning points and prominent figures that have helped shape it. Focus on the most popular kinds music of your time period (pre- or post-revolution). The House is Black (1961), directed by Forugh Farrokhzad is a documentary about the lepers in Babadaghi. The Qajarid era was the last stage of classical Persian art, why did scott cardinal leave heartland 304-539-8172; collectible newspapers value australia casadeglo3@gmail.com Iranians and the world observes them specifically during FIFA. Bekhrad, Joobin. Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi crowning Empress . Prior to the Islamic Revolution, censorship of anything deemed political and anti-monarchical was widespread. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Why? The most artistically important, though not the most ancient, prehistoric painted pottery of Iran is derived from Susiana (Elam). Three monastic ensembles central to the Armenian Christian faith were collectively recognized as a World Heritage site in 2008; their architecture represents a confluence of Byzantine, Persian, and Armenian cultures. What role did Islamic fundamentalists play? They have a 100% of our support. It is not unusual in Iran for gallerists to also be artists they just dont have the formalised division of labour that we have, and one person might wear several hats, Hodge says. The handwoven-cloth industry has survived stiff competition from modern textile mills. What was the US's role in him becoming Shah? https://www.britannica.com/art/Iranian-art, Anavian Gallery - Iranian Art from the 5th Millennium B.C. Discuss what kind of art is popular during your time period (pre- or post-revolution). IRAN - IRAQ WAR (1980 - 1988). This article concerns both the major discourses on art and artistic production in Iran after the 1979 Islamic Revolution; its aim is to define the emergence of neo traditionalism in the art of the 1990s.1 To do this, I will examine the major artistic trends and discourses within the socio-cultural context of postrevolutionary Iran, including . Judaism, Zoroastrianism, Christianity, Islam, and the Baha'i were represented in the pre-islamic revolution. The Elamite, Achaemenian, Hellenistic, and other pre-Islamic dynasties left striking stone testaments to their greatness, such as Chogh Zanbil and Persepolisboth of which were designated UNESCO World Heritage sites in 1979. What relation did Mohammad Reza Pahlavi's exile have to the Iranian hostage crisis? Recognizing Predicate Adjectives. On February 1, 1979, just weeks after the Shah leaves, Khomeini makes a triumphant return to Iran to a crowd of millions. It was against any sort of modernism which belonged to the previous. These are all things included in the history of Iran, a Middle Eastern country that had been in turmoil for centuries. This partly explains why the influential Tehran-based dealer Rozita Sharafjahan doubles up in the SOAS show, as both an artist and curator. Describe major phases in Iranian art Pre revolution cinema Sports that are popular in Iran are Freestyle wrestling, chess, polo, bodybuilding, dart throwing and association football (soccer). Describe Iranian cuisine. (17) A fatal dose of radiation to a human would not even give this mighty germ a sunburn; in fact, it takes 3,000 times the lethal dose to broil this bacteria thanks to its self-repairing genes. March 28, 2019. Most of the artists are based in Iran. What kind of government did the Shah lead? Write the letter for the word that best completes each sentence. knew of his existence through a line of prophets including, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus and Mohammed. What are considered delicacies? The documentaries, films, music and other forms of Iranian art shown during this period will not, however, reflect Irans culling of its artistic community. During the reigns of Reza Shah and Mohammad Reza Shah, many circularizing reforms were introduced to Iranian society. What was the role of Islamic fundamentalists in the overthrow of the Shah of Iran? This lead to an aggressive cultural reconstruction that attempted to eradicate many artists from Irans music scene. Pivotal and populist art market darlings such as Farhad Moshiri (his crystal-encrusted Eshgh (Love) assemblage from 2007 fetched $1m at Bonhams Dubai in 2008) are noticeably absent. (8) In the 1960s, scientists found the organisms living in the hot springs of Yellowstone National "Culture of Iran." Women have always had a strong role in Iranian life, but it has rarely been a strong role. (Kaveh Golestan, Wikipedia[5]) Below is one of Golestans photos from the Iranian Revolution of 1978-79 which shows the passion of the people resisting the Shah rule. Modelo (poner) Pongan Uds. It was a tumultuous period of revolutionary extremes that included killing off supporters of the ancien regime, taking foreigners hostage, and fostering zealotry across the Islamic world. This second phase was affirmed by a Qom University spokesman as "the cornerstone of major policy makings in the country." In other words, the worst may be yet to come. There was still a head of household (father/husband). Many are disillusioned due to heavy censorship and the uncertainty of official permits which allow them to perform. Accessed April 15, 2019. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaveh_Golestan. 15. Popular protest and the Constitutional Revolution, Presidential term of Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani: reconstruction and liberalization, First presidential term of Mohammad Khatami: reformist movement and conservative intervention, Second presidential term of Mohammad Khatami: continued intervention, First presidential term of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad: conservatives return to power, Second presidential term of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad: growing discontent and unrest, First and second presidential terms of Hassan Rouhani: economic recovery and renewed economic crisis, Foreign affairs since 1989: continuing tension abroad, Nuclear deal reached: Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, Which Country Is Larger By Population? predicate adjective. Iran's ancient culture has a deep architectural tradition. ( 4) Thermophiles prosper in temperatures exceeding 140degree F (water boils at 212degree F). Shirin Neshat: Artist of the Decade. HuffPost. Updated. major phases of iranian art post revolution. October 25, 2010, New York, NYIn preparation for a major exhibition focusing on the development of modernism in Iran scheduled for 2013, Asia Society launched its multi-year study of modern art in Iran with "Bridging the Modern and Contemporary," a discussion by esteemed specialists in the field.Melissa Chiu, Asia Society Museum Director and Vice President of Global Art Programs . Christianity: believe in the same God and the birth of Jesus. Last February, Rouhani proposed his Draft Citizenship Rights Charter. These are all things included in the history of Iran, a Middle Eastern country that had been in turmoil for centuries. By the time of the revolution in 1979, Iranians had been exposed to photography for more than a hundred years; it wasn't uncommon for ordinary middle-class people to own cameras. Directors Bahram Bayzai, Abbas Kiarostami, Mohsen Makhmalbaf, and Dariyush Mehrjui produced films that won numerous awards at international festivals, including Cannes (France) and Locarno (Switzerland), and a new generation of women film directorsamong them Rakhshan Bani Etemad (Blue Scarf, 1995) and Tahmineh Milani (Two Women, 1999)has also emerged. What kinds of dishes are popular? This was the period when revolutionary Islamic art dominated. From the Islamic period the architectural achievements of the Seljuq, Il-Khanid, and Safavid dynasties are particularly noteworthy. Wikipedia. In regards to artwork, a lot of Iranians were inspired to create art: The art coming out of Iran from the 1960s to the 1980s is one of transition. They demand the extradition of the Shah, in the US at the time for medical treatment, to face trial in Iran, Pharm - Sensory perception and Mobility Meds, Planetino 1: meine Klasse, im Untterricht, me, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Edge Reading, Writing and Language: Level C, David W. Moore, Deborah Short, Michael W. Smith, Vondracek CKD Complications Pharmacotherapy. 8 February 2019 The Islamic Revolution of 1979 brought seismic changes to Iran, not least for women. (12) Psychrophiles live their long lives suspended in chunks of ice in frozen Antarctic lakes. The Elamite, Achaemenian, Hellenistic, and other pre-Islamic dynasties left striking stone testaments to their greatness, such as Chogh Zanbil and Persepolis both of which were designated UNESCO World Heritage sites in 1979. Describe major categories of Iranian music. It was not until the 20th century that a music conservatory was founded in Tehrn and that Western techniques were used to record traditional melodies and encourage new compositions. -Mongol forces of Genghis Khan overrun Persia For more of Kaveh Golestans work, please visithttp://www.kavehgolestan.org/#/page/1. Historical Moments Shaping Contemporary Art. The Iranian Revolution shocked the world as it was not caused by economic issues, but rather cultural reform. Describe some major categories of Iranian music. In 1997, I returned to Iran after 32 years to attend a seminar on women and film. Follow the model. Please select which sections you would like to print: Professor of Western Asiatic Archaeology, University of London, 196269. Under the Pahlavi monarchy, two architectural trends developedan imitation of Western styles, which had little relevance to the countrys climate and landscape, and an attempt to revive indigenous designs. 0. tions.'6 The Iranian revolution led to the emergence of a broader and more multidimen-sional framework for studying and understanding revolutions, which can be labeled 'neo-structuralism'. IFEX will not share, disclose or otherwise provide your data to any outside organisation. Since America had ties with the Shah, after his exile they brought him to treat his cancer. The Islamic era brought drastic changes to the styles and practice of the arts Although officially forbiddeneven after the liberal reforms of the late 1990sWestern pop music is fashionable among Iranian youth, and there is a thriving trade in musical cassette tapes and compact discs. A wide range of articles, both utilitarian and decorative, are made of various metals. yellowstone ranch new hampshire 304-539-8172; russell westbrook height weight wingspan casadeglo3@gmail.com Iran is one of the few developing countries with great success in girls' education. The SOAS show has a handful of important antecedents in the US and Europe. We use both persistent and session cookies on our website to be sure promotions are not re-displayed to users who have already seen them. Pre-1979, there was more art for arts sake but since then many artists have become activists, fighters, though they may have not necessarily wanted to, says Maryam Homayoun-Eisler, a Tehran-born, London-based collector and the co-chair of Tates Middle East North Africa Acquisitions Committee. That trend was reversed, however, in 1979, when the former restrictions on the study and practice of music were restored. Post revolution, art's revelation. d. stagnate. The paved area adjoining the ziggurat had a surrounding wall with imposing gateways. What kinds of sports are popular in Iran? C. The first thermophiles were discovered to be extremophiles. Accessed May 02, 2019. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Iran. Women were banned from singing in public and payment of musicians was made illegal. (Post), Dishes with Rice and Meats; fresh Herbs and fruits; dried fruits; and cinnamon. What are some of the major beliefs of the religion of Islam? This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Focus on the most popular kinds music of your time period (pre- or post-revolution). Leading them to have to endure . (5) Halophiles maintains their equilibrium in places salty enough to cause most bacteria to wither and die. In the words of Allah they believed that, "For everything there is a path, and the path to Paradise is knowledge." November 24, 2017. Artists are seen as a suspect group that can be targeted at any point. A similar outer wall enclosed a number of subsidiary temples, their dedication indicated by cuneiform inscriptions in the Elamite language. Golestan was the first person to take pictures from the aftermath of the Halabja Chemical attack, which was a massacre in 1988 that killed Kurdish people in Iraq. The 1979 revolution, which overthrew Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, the countrys last royal ruler, provides the provocative impetus for the show. Encyclopdia Britannica. (25) Such a discovery might not be as immediately important as cleaning up the environment or curing cancer, but it will certainly give us something to anticipate. Professors and Students considered 'insufficiently islamic' weren't opened until late. Over almost two thousand years, political control shifted and empires rose and fell. The rebellious iranian people believed that America was trying to bring him back to power. Following the Islamic revolution of 1979, many Iranian writers went into exile, and much of the countrys best Persian-language literature was thereafter written and published abroad. As described by one scholar. Describe and give examples of the major phases of Iranian art. Irans filmmakers are celebrated for films that deal with the lives of children (Bashu the Stranger, 1989; The White Balloon, 1995; Children of Heaven, 1997), the concerns and issues of teenagers (The Need, 1991; Sweet Agony, 1999), the beauty of nature (Gabbeh, 1996), and social and psychological abuse in marriage, divorce, and polygyny (Leila, 1996; Two Women; Red, 1999). Iranian modernism was supported by the royal ruler through state-sponsored festivals. Iran has been lauded as one of the best exporters of cinema in the 1990s. What was the US's role in him becoming Shah? Such purely Iranian predilections seem, surprisingly, to have survived the historical hiatus in the 2nd and 3rd millennia bce, during which the more culturally advanced regions of the country were so profoundly influenced by the ideas and artistic formulas of neighbouring Mesopotamia. Pastries and sweets were popular as well, Describe and give examples of the major phases of Iranian art. The exhibition, the first of its kind in a major institution in Britain, was seminal, says Roxane Zand, Sothebys deputy chairman for the Middle East. The great masters of the Persian languageFerdows, Nem, fe, Jm, and Rmcontinue to inspire Iranian authors in the modern era, although publication and distribution of many classical worksdeemed licentious by conservative clericshave been difficult. (9) In recent years, even tougher organisms have been found living near hydrothermal vents on the ocean floor. Wrestling is considered to be the national sport of Iran but basketball has recently become very popular. Use the clue to complete the crossword puzzle. Crucially, where else would you see both the Ayatollah and Andy preaching propaganda about the power of art? In Iran, this development took place in Elam, a region bordering on southern and central Mesopotamia. They also had dances which were popular amongst the nation. Soon films that dealt with the Iran-Iraq War (198088) or that reflected more tolerant expressions of Islamic values, including Sufi mysticism, gained ground. What are considered delicacies? Iranians are constantly trying to find gaps in the law. For example, the perilous tunnels of Irans underground art scene is one creative arena that is flourishing like never before. and other data for a number of reasons, such as keeping FT Sites reliable and secure, water). Each locality prides itself on a special design and quality of carpet that bears its name, such as Kshn, Kermn, Khorsn, Efahn, Shrz, Tabrz, and Qom. The artists all reject the idea that Iranian-ness is a single, fixed identity that remains the same throughout history, he adds. April 30, 2019. In most cases Iranian dishes are a combination of rice, meat, and vegetables. Potteries are widely scattered throughout the country, Hamadn being the largest centre. By . 1245 bce) to fulfill the functions, first, of a holy shrine and centre of pilgrimage and, second, of a mausoleum for his family. Irans film industry became one of the finest in the world, with festivals of Iranian films being held annually throughout the world. Cultural exchange with the west also stepped up a gear. Child custody was taken away from women. December 07, 2017. II. (Post), Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, Islam, What is the role of women in society? Describe some major Iranian movies, including their plots and directors. For centuries Islamic injunctions inhibited the development of formal musical disciplines, but folk songs and ancient Persian classical music were preserved through oral transmission from generation to generation. (Post), Regular schools weren't affected that much, but higher education (universities) experienced a significant decrease in enrollment. Below there are two stills taken from Shirin Neshats videos that are an example of what was talked about previously. a. blight Its central feature is a remarkably well-preserved ziggurat, 345 feet (105 metres) square and originally 144 feet (44 metres) high, built for the most part of baked bricks each weighing about 40 pounds (18 kg). During that time Iranian cities such as Neyshbr, Efahn, and Shrz came to be among the great cities of the Islamic world, and their many mosques, madrasahs, shrines, and palaces formed an architectural tradition that was distinctly Iranian within the larger Islamic milieu. A. Delicacies: Kebab, Doogh, Falude, Rights & Protest - Apartheid - Protesting Apa, psyc110 - neurotransmitters in sleep-wake cyc, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, Fairview High School Army JROTC Promotion Boa. Focus on the most popular We also use cookies set by a third party analytics service to measure traffic and collect statistics about users devices and browsers. They believe that it is required to include the name of Allah when doing anything important because due to the one of the hadith, or the written words of Mohammed, "Anything which does not start with the Name of Allah is cut-off (from Allah's blessing)." (2) No, extremophiles are not young adults who leap from helicopters and snowboard down the sides of active volcanoes while guzzling caffeinated soda; they are unique microorganisms that can withstand environmental conditions so extreme that they seem to defy the basic facts we know about sustaining life.

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